[Sep 23, 2021] PSM-II Ultimate Study Guide - ITCertMagic
Ultimate Guide to Prepare PSM-II Certification Exam for Professional Scrum Master in 2021
NEW QUESTION 84
A cross-functional Development Team is defined as:
- A. Cross-skilled individuals who are able to do all the work necessary to deliver a shippable Increment at the end of the Sprint.
- B. A group of full-stack developers shared across multiple teams.
- C. A team of engineers, testers, business analysts, technical architects and functional managers.
- D. A team of skilled developers that can effectively multi-task on multiple Product Backlog items at the same time.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The objective of the Sprint is to produce a shippable Increment at the end of each Sprint so that the team can effectively inspect and adapt accordingly.
NEW QUESTION 85
If burndown charts are used to visualize progress, what does a trendline through a release burndown chart indicate?
- A. When all work will be completed so the Scrum Team can start work on a new Product Backlog.
- B. When the project will be over if the Product Owner removes work that is equal in effort to any new work that is added.
- C. When the work remaining is projected to be completed if nothing changes on the Product Backlog or Development Team.
- D. The evolution of the return of investment on the project.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The trendline is based on the team's average velocity and the projective completion to zero is based on the team's velocity. The burndown chart is a helpful tool for Development Teams to self-manage BUT it is not mandatory as the teams will decide the best way to manage their own progress and promote transparency.
NEW QUESTION 86
Who determines how to do the work during the Sprint?
- A. The Team Leads.
- B. The engineering director.
- C. The Technical Architects.
- D. The Development Team.
- E. The Scrum Master.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 87
A Scrum Master is not only a servant-leader to the Scrum Team and organization, it's also considered a management position.
Which three activities describe what a Scrum Master manages as reflected by the Scrum Guide? (Choose three.)
- A. Reporting on the performance of the Sprint.
- B. Managing the Product Backlog items and work in the Sprint Backlog.
- C. Managing the capacity and utilization of each Development Team member.
- D. Managing the process in which Scrum is applied.
- E. Removing organizational impediments that limits the team's progress and productivity.
- F. The way Scrum is understood and enacted within the organization.
Answer: D,E,F
Explanation:
The Scrum Master must understand the principles and values behind agility as well as the Scrum theory. He/ she also must act in ways that reflects the values of Scrum and creates an environment for others to also embrace those values. He/she is responsible for ensuring the team's process stays within the boundaries of the Scrum framework as well as helping and supporting the team with continuous improvement.
NEW QUESTION 88
What action can the Scrum Master take to ensure communication between the Development Team and Product Owner is effective?
- A. Ensure all communication goes through the Scrum Master first.
- B. Teach the Product Owner to talk in terms of technology and technical requirements.
- C. Translate the technologies used by the Development Team in order for the Product Owner to make decisions.
- D. Observe the communications between them and facilitate discussions if needed or by request.
Answer: D
Explanation:
One of the primary responsibilities of a Scrum Master is the ability to facilitate regardless of the context or setting.
NEW QUESTION 89
Who should manage the tasks of Development Team during the Sprint?
- A. The Product Owner.
- B. All of the above.
- C. The Development Team.
- D. The Project Manager.
- E. The Scrum Master.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Development Team is responsible for managing and tracking the progress of their work during a Sprint
NEW QUESTION 90
What would be the responsibilities of a self-organizing Development Team?
- A. Select the Product Backlog items for the Sprint and do the work planned in the Sprint Backlog.
- B. Deciding on the value of the product features and value estimations.
- C. Update stakeholders on the daily progress and keep the burn-down chart updated.
- D. Writing User Stories and reordering the Product Backlog.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 91
A Scrum Team has been working on a product for several iterations and has an average velocity of 55 units of
'done' work per Sprint. A second team will be added to work on the same product.
What might be the impact on the original team?
- A. Their velocity is likely to rise and be more than 55.
- B. Their velocity is likely to drop and be less than 55.
- C. Their velocity is likely not affected and will remain at 55.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Similar to membership changes within a single Scrum Team, adding or removing additional Scrum Teams working on the same product will impact productivity in the short term. Adding additional teams often go through recognizable stages as they change from being a collection of strangers to a united group with common goals. Bruce Tuckman's Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing model describes these stages.
NEW QUESTION 92
What Product Owner activities occur between the end of the current Sprint and the beginning of the next Sprint?
- A. Product Backlog refinement.
- B. There are no such activities. When the current Sprint ends, the new Sprint begins.
- C. Updating stakeholders on project progress.
- D. Participate as a team member at the Sprint Retrospective.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 93
Which stakeholder is the most important for the Product Owner to satisfy?
- A. The company founder
- B. The Head of Product
- C. The board of directors
- D. The Product's users
Answer: D
Explanation:
The highest priority is to satisfy the end users.
NEW QUESTION 94
By the end of the Sprint, a Product Backlog item in the Sprint Backlog does not meet the team's Definition of Done.
What two things should happen with the item? (Choose two.)
- A. It will be inspected at the Sprint Review and if it is acceptable by the stakeholders then include it in the Increment.
- B. Split the item and add the estimation of the completed work to the current Sprint so not to impact the velocity and add the 'undone' work to the next Sprint.
- C. Estimate the remaining work needed to make it 'done' and add it to the Product Backlog for the Product Owner to decide what to do with it.
- D. Do not include the item in the Increment for the Sprint.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
At the end of a Sprint, the new Increment must be 'Done', which means it must be in useable condition and meet the Scrum Team's definition of 'Done'. Scrum Team members must have a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete, to ensure transparency. This is the Definition of Done for the Scrum Team and it is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment.
NEW QUESTION 95
Steven is a Scrum Master employed by the engineering department. The Director of Engineering considers using Scrum for a new project but wonders about the value of having all of the Development Team members attend the Daily Scrum. He is concerned that the employees already attend a lot of mandatory company meetings.
What are two outcomes of the Daily Scrum that Steven should explain on why the Daily Scrum is important?
(Choose two.)
- A. Through the short, daily alignment of the Daily Scrum the members of the Development Team grow and improve a shared understanding of the most important work to be undertaken in the next 24 hours to achieve the best possible progress toward the Sprint Goal. This daily opportunity to inspect and adapt will enable the Development Team to best tackle any unforeseen circumstances that might otherwise disrupt the team's progress.
- B. During the Daily Scrum, the Development Team needs to update the Scrum board with their current status and progress, at a task level. This is crucial to ensure that the Directory of Engineering knows the team's actual progress and control the work being done.
- C. During the Daily Scrum the members of the Development Team will inform of problems that are hindering their progress, and for which they have no means to resolve. They will inform Steven as a Scrum Master, so he can remove the impediments and help the team be more productive.
- D. The Development Team members will produce a daily status report indicating how much time was spent working on individual tasks since the last Daily Scrum. The reports will help in discussing how the Sprint went at the Sprint Review meeting. It will provide detailed insights into the accuracy of estimates versus actual time spent, which can be used to create better estimates at the next Sprint Planning.
- E. The Daily Scrum serves for the Development Team to report to Steven, as a Scrum Master, all updates on the assigned tasks in the Sprint Backlog. He can then use the team's updates to plan their work for the next day, making sure that every team member is assigned the right tasks.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The Development Team uses the Daily Scrum to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and to inspect how progress is trending toward completing the work in the Sprint Backlog. The Daily Scrum optimizes the probability that the Development Team will meet the Sprint Goal. Every day, the Development Team should understand how it intends to work together as a self-organizing team to accomplish the Sprint Goal and create the anticipated Increment by the end of the Sprint.
NEW QUESTION 96
Which statement best describes Scrum?
- A. A clearly defined methodology that defines the software development process.
- B. A framework to address complex products in complex environments.
- C. A manual for defining best practices for software development.
- D. A clearly defined and predictable process that follows the principles of Computer Science.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Frameworks allow those closest to the problem the flexibility to creatively and productively deliver products of the highest possible value. Each component of Scrum serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum's success and your usage of Scrum to develop complex projects.
NEW QUESTION 97
Steven, who is a Scrum Master, on one of the Scrum Teams has approached you asking for advice. Their Daily Scrum requires more than 15 minutes and the team has suggested dividing themselves into two separate teams in order to stay within the time box.
As another Scrum Master, what would be the best response?
- A. Disagree - as the root cause may not be that the team is too big.
- B. Agree - this is an appropriate solution to the problem.
- C. Unsure - dividing a team into two cannot be decided based on this information. You offer to observe.
- D. Agree - You agree that dividing the team into two is a good strategy to allow the teams to learn how to run Daily Scrums quickly and effectively. Once they've learned to limit the Daily Scrum to 15 minutes, you can merge the teams again.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The relationship between cause and effect can become more clear when more information emerges.
NEW QUESTION 98
An organization wants to apply Scrum to build a new product and has hired Steven to be the Scrum Master of three new teams that will build the first release. The organization is new to Scrum and asks Steven for advice on how to start.
Which two things should Steven first advise? (Choose two.)
- A. One Product Backlog to represent all of the known work needed to be done for the product.
- B. Each Scrum Team has its own Product Backlog with items only their team will be working on.
- C. Having one Product Owner to be accountable for maximizing the flow of value throughout the development process and provide transparency on the overall progress.
The Scrum Master serves the organization in several ways, including: Leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption; Planning Scrum implementations within the organization; Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and empirical product development. - D. Three Product Owners, one for each Scrum Team.
Answer: A,C
NEW QUESTION 99
Scrum promotes self-organization.
Which of these statements would NOT support self-organizing?
- A. Being a lightweight framework.
- B. Removing titles for Development Team members.
- C. Removing the need for documentation.
- D. The Development Team deciding what work to do in a Sprint.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 100
Which two statements best describe a Sprint Goal? (Choose two.)
- A. Sprint Goals give the Development Teams flexibility and creativity on how to implement functionality during the Sprint.
- B. Sprint Goals are defined when the completed work is reviewed at the end of a Sprint.
- C. During the Sprint Planning, the entire Scrum Team collaboratively crafts a Sprint Goal based on a business objective that the Product Owner would like to achieve that Sprint.
- D. Sprint Goals can change as new insights emerge during the Sprint.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
The number of items selected from the Product Backlog for the Sprint is solely up to the Development Team. Only the Development Team can assess what it can accomplish over the upcoming Sprint.
The Sprint Goal is an objective set for the Sprint that can be met through the implementation of Product Backlog. It provides guidance to the Development Team on why it is building the Increment. It is created during the Sprint Planning meeting. The Sprint Goal gives the Development Team some flexibility regarding the functionality implemented within the Sprint. The selected Product Backlog items deliver one coherent function, which can be the Sprint Goal. The Sprint Goal can be any other coherence that causes the Development Team to work together rather than on separate initiatives.
NEW QUESTION 101
The Development Team has suggested to move the Daily Scrum to every other day instead of every day.
What is the most appropriate action for the Scrum Master to take?
- A. Have the Development Team members vote on which days the Daily Scrum should occur.
- B. Support the self-organizing team's decision.
- C. Learn why the Development Team wants this, coach the team on why the Daily Scrum is important and work with them to improve the outcome of the Daily Scrum.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. Scrum Masters do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory, practices, rules, and values.
NEW QUESTION 102
Individual Development Team members have been approaching Steven, the Scrum Master, to complain about Chris. Chris has the most experience on the system they are building. He often Question:s the choices team members make in design and architecture making them feel bad.
What are two good ways for Steven to address this problem? (Choose two.)
- A. Steven takes the time between Sprints to organize a team building session to build a stronger relationship.
- B. Steven observes whether this topic is raised at the Sprint Retrospective. If not, then he checks with the team on how comfortable they are with the way the design and architecture is being handled.
- C. Steven shares his concerns with Chris and the impact on the other team members and that he should be a team player.
- D. Steven tells the concerned members that Chris' opinions should be respected as he has the most experience and understands what is best for long term sustainability.
- E. Steven suggests facilitating a session with the full team to help resolve the issue.
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
Conflicts are a natural occurrence and the Scrum Master coaches the Development Team on the value of resolving conflicts. Leaving conflicts unresolved can impact the Scrum values of openness and respect diminishing trust. Lower trust levels will impact the Scrum Team's effectiveness and can cause impediments in the future. It is the responsibility of the Scrum Master to remove impediments that hinder the team through conflict resolution and facilitation.
NEW QUESTION 103
Steven is a Scrum Master of a Scrum Team that is new to Scrum. At the halfway point of the Sprint, the Product Owner comes to Steven telling him that he is concerned the Development Team will not be able to complete the entire Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint.
What should Steven do in this situation?
- A. Coach the Product Owner that with complex software development, you cannot promise the entire scope that was forecast during Sprint Planning. As more is learned during the Sprint, work may emerge that affects the Sprint Backlog.
- B. Motivate the Development Team to meet their commitment to the Product Owner.
- C. Add more people to the Development Team to meet the Product Owner's expectations.
- D. Advise the Product Owner that the Development Team owns the Sprint Backlog and it is up to them to meet their commitments. No one tells the Development Team how to turn Product Backlog into Increments of potentially releasable functionality.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a 'Done' Increment. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.
Why C is incorrect:
a) The Dev Team does not commit to finishing all items in the Sprint Backlog. Committing to completing all items would be fixed scope and fixed time leaving no room to adapt. They commit to the Sprint Goal and doing the right thing.
b) It's also incorrect for the PO to focus on completing the entire Sprint Backlog. Finishing everything should not be his main focus. Having a shippable increment that meets the Sprint Goal is more important than trying to finish everything. The advice in option C is equivalent to "Don't worry, they'll get everything done." but because of the complex domain, you cannot guarantee everything will get done.
NEW QUESTION 104
Peter, a Project Manager, has raised concerns about your Scrum Team's productivity and progress towards the objectives.
Which is the best way to respond to Peter's concerns?
- A. Share the current impediments.
- B. Show the Profit & Loss (P&L) report.
- C. Share the Product Backlog, the projections towards the release dates and ensure that Peter has access.
- D. Share the last stakeholder status report prepared by the Scrum Master.
Answer: C
Explanation:
One of the key pillars that support the empirical process control is Transparency. Transparency will help manage stakeholder expectations and allow the teams to effectively adapt if and when needed.
NEW QUESTION 105
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