"Following four entities operate in the Indian IT and BPO space. They all are into same segment of providing off-shore analytical services. They all operate on the labour cost-arbitrage in India and the countries of their clients. Following information pertains for the year ended March 31, 2013.


The year FY13, was typically a good year for Indian IT companies. For FY14, the economic analysts have given following predictions about the IT Industry:
A) It is expected that INR will appreciate sharply against other USD.
B) Given high inflation and attrition in IT Industry in India, the wages of IT sector employees will increase more sharply than Inflation and general wage rise in country.
C) US Congress will be passing a bill which restricts the outsourcing to third world countries like India.
While analyzing the four entities, you come across following findings related to Glowing:
Glowing is promoted by Mr.M R Bhutta, who has earlier promoted two other business ventures, He started with ABC Entertainment Ltd in 1996 and was promoter and MD of the company. ABC was a listed entity and its share price had sharp movements at the time of stock market scam in late 1990s. In 1999, Mr.Bhutta sold his entire stake and resigned from the post of MD. The stock price declined by about 90% in coming days and has never recovered. Later on in 2003, Mr.Bhutta again promoted a new business, Klear Publications Ltd (KCL) an in the business of magazine publication. The entity had come out with a successful IPO and raised money from public. Thereafter it ran into troubles and reported losses. In 2009, Mr.Bhutta went on to exit this business as well by selling stake to other promoter(s). There have been reports in both instances with allegations that promoters have siphoned off money from listed entities to other group entities, however, nothing has been proved in any court." Which of the following risks do not exist for Indian IT industry?

• A. Raw material price risk, Exchange rate Risk
• B. Exchange Rate Risk, Interest rate risk
• C. Interest rate risk, Skilled Manpower Risk
• D. Domestic and international regulatory risk, technological risk

Which of the following is false in case of credit enhancements?

• A. Credit enhancement could be implicit or explicit
• B. It reduces the default risk of the borrowing entity for the lender, thereby deteriorating the overall credit worthiness of the borrower
• C. Credit enhancement is a mechanism whereby external cash flows is extended by an entity which has a stringer credit profile, so that it benefits the fund raising entity

Scott is a credit analyst with one of the credit rating agencies in India. He was looking in Oil and Gas Industry companies and has presented brief financials for following 4 entities:
Two credit analysts are discussing the DM-approach to credit risk modeling. They make the following statements:
Analyst A: A portfolio's standard deviation of credit losses can be determined by considering the standard deviation of credit losses of individual exposures in the portfolio and summing them all up.
Analyst B: I do not fully agree with that. Apart from individual standard deviations, one also needs to consider the correlation of the exposure with the rest of the portfolio so as to account for diversification effects. Higher correlations among credit exposures will lead to higher standard deviation of the overall portfolio.

• A. Both are incorrect
• B. Both are correct
• C. Only Analyst B is correct
• D. Only Analyst A is correct

Ms. Mary Brown is a credit rating analyst. She had prepared a detailed report on one of her client, FlyHigh Airlines Ltd, a company operating chartered aircrafts in India. As she was heading for a meeting with her superior on the matter, coffee spilled over her set of prepared paper(s). As she was getting late for meeting, instead of preparing entire set she could recollect few numbers from her memory and reconstructed following partial financial table:

PAT margins are highest in which of the years?

• A. FY11
• B. FY12
• C. FY10
• D. Equal in FY10 and FY12